Hand #1 K96-5hh board when you barrel 25-75 are you just using 1 turn size? Do you want to punching bag the recs with like a 33% or 50% size with these 77/88 type hands like 33% and 50% with QQ-TT unblocking some 9x calls. Then 75% KX+. Just very face up strategy.
Hand #2 18:30 K476hh board with 54d IP 3BP. Being deeper I thought you might want to use a larger turn size. Here you went 50% pot compared to previous hand you went 75% in a SRP. If you have 44 77 66 or 76s here I would think you want to go closer to pot on this turn? Use a lot of 54s 65s 55 as bluffs?
21:45 of hand #2 you will see more merged betting if you make it 200bb effective on wizard.
Hand #2. This spot isn’t comparable to first hand since we are cbetting in first and floating in second. Nonetheless, fair point on sizing given deep. This hand was played a while ago, but I may have missed stack depth in game. Lazy error, but I’m guilty of this from time to time when going through the doldrums of multitabling hours of cash.
35:10 you use a block 25% CB strategy on AT4cc. The hand before AJ4ss you used a PSB CB strategy. Why are these two boards playing differently? You mentioned BB was a rec in this hand. Are you using a polarized CB strategy vs regs on double broadway boards and just using B25 vs recs?
Not necessarily, it’s board/player/position dependent. But in short, in this case, I think when a rec calls much wider then theory, our equity naturally goes up which can make range betting small vs rec more profitable. They also will initially defend to wide vs large sizing. But everything is case dependent.
Hello Frankie, really liked your take on merged betting. It's a topic that isn't discussed that often and is generally poorly understood so it was a great area to cover. In the past I would over-estimate the showdown value of middling hands and wouldn't merged bet the turn, but these days I am moving away from that and having more success in these spots. One of the advantages of merged betting that you mentioned was "prevent being put into a tough spot". I think this part of it is very underestimated, and more than just a human reason for merged betting. As soon as we face a bet from our opponent, our middling showdown hands often become close to 0EV hands, e.g. the 77 hand in the first example on K96r. Whereas if we barrel the turn with this hand it generates around 9BB in EV. Avoiding facing a polar range with middling hands is often a good idea in different parts of the game tree.
Hey matlittle! Glad you enjoyed it . I enjoy trying to tackle these difficult, more obscure topics. I agree, big underrated benefit of implementing these merge bets into range.
Curious as to which of these plays from the video you would/wouldn't do against a recreational player? Would imagine they are calling too many middling 1 pair hands, but also too many weak draws on flop and turn. I node-locked the turn on the first hand to try to replicate this - calling most JJ, TT and all flush draws, along with the occasional naked gutter. Node-locked on the left and original on right:
Looks like more of a linear strategy and value betting much thinner, with less merging. Still a few merged hands in there too though but nowhere near as much as before.
That's interesting takeaway. However, I wonder how the response is on the turn in the nodelock version. If they are overcalling 1 pair region and weak draws I feel as though we can widen our merge range as I would expect people to overfold those hands to solver who has perfectly adjusted their turn/river strategy to make up for the mistake on flop.
Yeh, for sure the downside of this nodelock is that GTOWizard will play river perfectly as the "rec". For this nodelock I had the rec calling 75% of JJ and TT which seems to punish IP's merged bets as they are barely folding out better hands.
Can we just cap our check back range on the turn vs recs? So be very linear with our KX, QQ, JJ, 99, 66, 55, 76s region? And just not care about our X back range? Hopefully check back enough gut shots where we improve to 2nd pair on the river or a straight enough of time to bluff catch vs the recs? While getting a lot of linear value on the flop and turn?
The downside to capping your check-back range would be that your opponent can make very large bets for value and punish you in that way. Also they will have the ability to value bet thinner. Both of those would include more bluff allowance too overall, which is bad for your hands wanting to get to showdown. I don't think recs on average are able to recognise that you are super capped or are able to work out how to punish you for being so.
Another thing to consider though is that the sim pictured above includes GTOWizard playing the river perfectly as the rec. If you check back the turn, the rec in reality is gonna fire way too many bluffs on the river, and also bet random middling hands for absolutely no reason, so calling river bets with QQ, JJ etc will be much higher EV than in the sim.
A final thing to add to the mix is that recs will donk the river way more often than the sim expects after calling a turn barrel. That would presumably hurt QQ, JJ and push them closer to checking the turn (unless of course we have data suggesting this river donking line is way over bluffed).
One thing to keep in mind guys is there is a speed limit here in terms of value betting. One of the reasons in theory we begin to check back lots of KT/KJ is because this is COvLJ and we are going to run into more of V's value range that is better as we move along streets increasing the pot. So while yes we would like to get more value if V overcalling flop, we could also get the additional value river post x turn while reducing getting stacks in with a more marginal hand like KT.
This analysis goes out the window if we are dealing with the highly profitable and fun rec variation that calls too light on all streets, but in my experience most recs will find folds on river.
This video you put into words things I have been doing for awhile. I would call these bets value/bluff bets. I learned this years ago when i thinly bet a set on a flush and straight river and the guy folded a better set face up. It was one of those light bulb moments.
First hand, I don't believe you showed it in the sim, but 77 seems like a good river bluff.
Frankie Carson I video on defining different types of turn bluffs would be great!
Equity driven semi bluffs like flush draws or straight draws with low SDV
Merged bluffs like in this video from 2nd or 3rd pair with a gut shot
Over-under bluffs that have an over to top pair and under card to the board that unblocks all draws where they get 2nd / 3rd pair hands to fold and called by flush draws, then Ace high ends up being good on the river.
Two over card bluff that have low SDV but serve as a future bluff candidate on flush completing rivers whenever you have the suit.
There are many types of bluffs and I think defining different types of value and bluffs will build our strategy in a more defined picture.
Frankie Carson going with the above comment I laid out a few different types of bluffs.
On this BTN vs BB SRP IP hand K96hh-5 turn.
We have hands like A2s (non heart) for over under bluffs that get called by some worse hands like Th8h and get better hands to fold like 9X or weak KX.
We have JTh for equity driven bluffs (combo draws)
We have merged bluffs like 86s / 76s for pair + GS
Then future bluffs like Qs4s that unblock some of the XC-XF range that can also bluff on some future run outs on J or T because Q4s blocks QJ/QT so different run outs serves as a future bluff.
But doing a video with dark art of merged value betting or dark art of bluffing would be nice to watch.
The 'future bluffs' you mention is a powerful concept. Sometimes these hands can seem like poor bluffs in the current street but solver has figured out that its about the long game...future streets.
The 'future bluffs' you mention is a powerful concept.
Agree. This has been over looked by many coaches for several years because it is low frequency stuff that no one really understood or used themselves. So was thought of solver noise in many videos. Trying to get the suits and frequencies right on these future bluffs is no easy task. I usually don't do these things myself and just increase my aggression for other GS type draws. But on two tone boards I'll use GS that has the suit to bluff flushes on the river.
But making these types of future bluff videos could bump you up to an Elite coach ;-)
Frankie,
Really nice video on merge betting. Some of these spots are interesting in terms of small/middling pairs checking back river verses bluffing river. The 77 hand at ~10:00 as an example, maybe bottom pair on flop (or under pairs) might bluff river to fold out 88, 77, 98 etc... Not saying that those hands bluff this exact spot, but you do see under pairs and bottom pairs go for it on some run outs.
Loading 19 Comments...
Hand #1 K96-5hh board when you barrel 25-75 are you just using 1 turn size? Do you want to punching bag the recs with like a 33% or 50% size with these 77/88 type hands like 33% and 50% with QQ-TT unblocking some 9x calls. Then 75% KX+. Just very face up strategy.
Hand #2 18:30 K476hh board with 54d IP 3BP. Being deeper I thought you might want to use a larger turn size. Here you went 50% pot compared to previous hand you went 75% in a SRP. If you have 44 77 66 or 76s here I would think you want to go closer to pot on this turn? Use a lot of 54s 65s 55 as bluffs?
21:45 of hand #2 you will see more merged betting if you make it 200bb effective on wizard.
Wizard chart

Hey. Hand #1, just one sizing, b75.
Hand #2. This spot isn’t comparable to first hand since we are cbetting in first and floating in second. Nonetheless, fair point on sizing given deep. This hand was played a while ago, but I may have missed stack depth in game. Lazy error, but I’m guilty of this from time to time when going through the doldrums of multitabling hours of cash.
35:10 you use a block 25% CB strategy on AT4cc. The hand before AJ4ss you used a PSB CB strategy. Why are these two boards playing differently? You mentioned BB was a rec in this hand. Are you using a polarized CB strategy vs regs on double broadway boards and just using B25 vs recs?
Not necessarily, it’s board/player/position dependent. But in short, in this case, I think when a rec calls much wider then theory, our equity naturally goes up which can make range betting small vs rec more profitable. They also will initially defend to wide vs large sizing. But everything is case dependent.
Hello Frankie, really liked your take on merged betting. It's a topic that isn't discussed that often and is generally poorly understood so it was a great area to cover. In the past I would over-estimate the showdown value of middling hands and wouldn't merged bet the turn, but these days I am moving away from that and having more success in these spots. One of the advantages of merged betting that you mentioned was "prevent being put into a tough spot". I think this part of it is very underestimated, and more than just a human reason for merged betting. As soon as we face a bet from our opponent, our middling showdown hands often become close to 0EV hands, e.g. the 77 hand in the first example on K96r. Whereas if we barrel the turn with this hand it generates around 9BB in EV. Avoiding facing a polar range with middling hands is often a good idea in different parts of the game tree.
Hey matlittle! Glad you enjoyed it . I enjoy trying to tackle these difficult, more obscure topics. I agree, big underrated benefit of implementing these merge bets into range.
Curious as to which of these plays from the video you would/wouldn't do against a recreational player? Would imagine they are calling too many middling 1 pair hands, but also too many weak draws on flop and turn. I node-locked the turn on the first hand to try to replicate this - calling most JJ, TT and all flush draws, along with the occasional naked gutter. Node-locked on the left and original on right:
Looks like more of a linear strategy and value betting much thinner, with less merging. Still a few merged hands in there too though but nowhere near as much as before.
That's interesting takeaway. However, I wonder how the response is on the turn in the nodelock version. If they are overcalling 1 pair region and weak draws I feel as though we can widen our merge range as I would expect people to overfold those hands to solver who has perfectly adjusted their turn/river strategy to make up for the mistake on flop.
Yeh, for sure the downside of this nodelock is that GTOWizard will play river perfectly as the "rec". For this nodelock I had the rec calling 75% of JJ and TT which seems to punish IP's merged bets as they are barely folding out better hands.
Can we just cap our check back range on the turn vs recs? So be very linear with our KX, QQ, JJ, 99, 66, 55, 76s region? And just not care about our X back range? Hopefully check back enough gut shots where we improve to 2nd pair on the river or a straight enough of time to bluff catch vs the recs? While getting a lot of linear value on the flop and turn?
The downside to capping your check-back range would be that your opponent can make very large bets for value and punish you in that way. Also they will have the ability to value bet thinner. Both of those would include more bluff allowance too overall, which is bad for your hands wanting to get to showdown. I don't think recs on average are able to recognise that you are super capped or are able to work out how to punish you for being so.
Another thing to consider though is that the sim pictured above includes GTOWizard playing the river perfectly as the rec. If you check back the turn, the rec in reality is gonna fire way too many bluffs on the river, and also bet random middling hands for absolutely no reason, so calling river bets with QQ, JJ etc will be much higher EV than in the sim.
A final thing to add to the mix is that recs will donk the river way more often than the sim expects after calling a turn barrel. That would presumably hurt QQ, JJ and push them closer to checking the turn (unless of course we have data suggesting this river donking line is way over bluffed).
One thing to keep in mind guys is there is a speed limit here in terms of value betting. One of the reasons in theory we begin to check back lots of KT/KJ is because this is COvLJ and we are going to run into more of V's value range that is better as we move along streets increasing the pot. So while yes we would like to get more value if V overcalling flop, we could also get the additional value river post x turn while reducing getting stacks in with a more marginal hand like KT.
This analysis goes out the window if we are dealing with the highly profitable and fun rec variation that calls too light on all streets, but in my experience most recs will find folds on river.
This video you put into words things I have been doing for awhile. I would call these bets value/bluff bets. I learned this years ago when i thinly bet a set on a flush and straight river and the guy folded a better set face up. It was one of those light bulb moments.
First hand, I don't believe you showed it in the sim, but 77 seems like a good river bluff.
Frankie Carson I video on defining different types of turn bluffs would be great!
Equity driven semi bluffs like flush draws or straight draws with low SDV
Merged bluffs like in this video from 2nd or 3rd pair with a gut shot
Over-under bluffs that have an over to top pair and under card to the board that unblocks all draws where they get 2nd / 3rd pair hands to fold and called by flush draws, then Ace high ends up being good on the river.
Two over card bluff that have low SDV but serve as a future bluff candidate on flush completing rivers whenever you have the suit.
There are many types of bluffs and I think defining different types of value and bluffs will build our strategy in a more defined picture.
Frankie Carson going with the above comment I laid out a few different types of bluffs.
On this BTN vs BB SRP IP hand K96hh-5 turn.
We have hands like A2s (non heart) for over under bluffs that get called by some worse hands like Th8h and get better hands to fold like 9X or weak KX.
We have JTh for equity driven bluffs (combo draws)
We have merged bluffs like 86s / 76s for pair + GS
Then future bluffs like Qs4s that unblock some of the XC-XF range that can also bluff on some future run outs on J or T because Q4s blocks QJ/QT so different run outs serves as a future bluff.
But doing a video with dark art of merged value betting or dark art of bluffing would be nice to watch.
The 'future bluffs' you mention is a powerful concept. Sometimes these hands can seem like poor bluffs in the current street but solver has figured out that its about the long game...future streets.
Thanks for the suggestions RunItTw1ce.
Agree. This has been over looked by many coaches for several years because it is low frequency stuff that no one really understood or used themselves. So was thought of solver noise in many videos. Trying to get the suits and frequencies right on these future bluffs is no easy task. I usually don't do these things myself and just increase my aggression for other GS type draws. But on two tone boards I'll use GS that has the suit to bluff flushes on the river.
But making these types of future bluff videos could bump you up to an Elite coach ;-)
Frankie,
Really nice video on merge betting. Some of these spots are interesting in terms of small/middling pairs checking back river verses bluffing river. The 77 hand at ~10:00 as an example, maybe bottom pair on flop (or under pairs) might bluff river to fold out 88, 77, 98 etc... Not saying that those hands bluff this exact spot, but you do see under pairs and bottom pairs go for it on some run outs.
Thanks Frankie.
Thank you Seven!
Yes for sure. Low pp's can be a nice 3rd barrel given there great unblocking attributes to folding range. Of course it is spot dependent.
Be the first to add a comment
You must upgrade your account to leave a comment.