Villain is playing 23/10/4, and is pretty passive in general with an AF of 24 and a cbet % of 53 which is lower than most.

I would cold call this hand in this spot against most as long as the players behind aren't 3 betting too much. Thoughts on that? Against a pretty passive opponent I think its an even better spot.

Stabbing here is pretty standard I think, we can fold out some better hands and have decent equity when called by a dry overpair.

This is where it gets weird. He c/r's the turn repping a slowplayed JJ or 99 or a strangely played overpair. He only has a pfr of 10% so he shouldn't have J4 or 94 very often. Calling is pretty mandatory I think.

We get checked to on a blank and we have a little under a pot sized bet left. Is there value in a shove here? He should be pretty polarized in this spot but maybe he played an overpair like this and is now looking to bluff-catch now that the straight draw missed. On the other hand, if he did this with JJ/99, he might check here thinking we called turn with a straight draw, and is now inducing.